Titanium alloy



Patented Mar. 22, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

ALVAH w. CLEMENT, or EAST CLEVELAND, onto, assrenoa, BY meme selen- MENTS, rommmm s'rnnr. 00., or warnnvrmr, NEW YORK, A coaroaarron or Raw masnr.

Ho Drawing.

, This invention relates to-an alloy which Ina be used for the fabrication .of articles an devices which in their use are subjected to the action of corroding gases and high temperatures, and theal-loy is also useful as a metal for the making of dies for die castings, ball races for ball bearings, and other articles which requiredurability and-great wearing qualities, and in the case of molds and dies, when used in connection with the molding and casting of metallifei'ous substances which are corroding in character. The alloy also finds usefulness as an electrical resistance element, I

The alloy comprises a combination of iron, chromium, titanium and either aluminum or silicon, or both' of these elements.

In making the alloy, the carbon content should be kept as low as possible by the use 0f oxidizing slags, because carbon in apfipreci'able amounts renders the alloy hard and diflicult to work.

A very effective alloy I have found to consist of chromium, 10 per cent, titanium, 6 per cent, aluminum, 10 per cent, the balance of iron, and possibly some silicon, the silicon present being less than 1 per cent. The presence of large quantities of silicon is undesirable as it tends to make the resultant alloy brittle and grainy in structure.

The percentage of aluminum and titanium may be varied, but the titanium should be present in amounts not less than 5 per cent, and may form as large a part. as 10 to 12 per cent of the alloy. The chromium may vary from 10 per cent to 30 per cent, the

iron always making up the balance of the alloy, and as before stated, silicon may be..-hot-wglass,runder -whichcircumstances the used in amounts equaling 1 per cent or less but usually silicon in less than of 1% does not give desired elfects, in which event the combined iron and silicon make up the balance of the alloy.

The presence of aluminum or silicon, or both, is very effective in preventing any oxidation of the surfaces of an article made from the alloy, by providing a film or surface of'oxide, which serves as a protecting coating. The alloy has a high melting point, is

tough, and if care be taken to keep the carbon present to a low percentage, the alloy it not brittle.

The alloy ma be prepared in a variety of. ways. I pre er, however, to prepare "the 'rrramum ALLOY.

Application filed December 18, 1917. Serial No. 207,751..

alloy in an electric furnace by melting' together a ferro chrome, and adding to the molten bath a suitable amount of titanium either 1n its metallic form or in some combined form which is preferable. Of course, the usual fluxes will be used to purify the metal, preferably a calcium flux.

bonizing boxes or saggars which are used under conditions involving high temperatures, also for. crucibles for melting brass, bronzes, etc., also as parts of furnaces, or, fact inany situation where it is desired to pro uce a structure which is resistant to heat, particularly to great heat.

Inasmuch a the alloy 4 is non-warping, even at high mperatures, it is: ossible to construct articles of this alloy, which articles have thin walls, and generally the quantity of metal required in forming articles which are to have the. desired characteristics, is much less than withmany other metals. because of the nonwarpin inherent property of the alloy. This there ore enables the use of light weight structures.

The alloy may be very advantageously used for the making of dies for die castings, or for dies and plungers in the handling of hot glass, or for mo ds in the handling of alloy not only is resistant to wear,-but is resistant to the corroding effects of the molten glass. ,The alloy isvery useful for forming ball bearings, and when so used, the article is fabricated of the alloy as described, and

l num and iron with carbon sufliciently lowto be understood as referring to aluminumcr silicon or both.

Having described my invention, what I claim is: 4 1 1. An alloy containing chromium in proportion varying from 10 to 30 percent, titanium in proportion from 5 to 12 percent, silicon in excess of the proportion normally present as an ordinary impurity and not exceeding 1 percent, the balance being, alumiavoid making the alloy so hard' as to be diflicult to work, the aluminum being present in ap reciable amount and up to 10%.

2. "alloy containing chromium in proportion arying from 10 to 30 percent, ti-

tanium in proportion from 5 to 12 percent,

silicon in excess of the proportion normally present as an ordinary mpurity and not exceeding 1 percent, aluminum, the proportion of aluminum and silicon together not exceeding tenpercent, the balancev being sub,- stantially' iron.

3. An alloy containing chromium in proportion varying from 10 to 30' percent, titanium in proportion from 5 to 12 percent, aluminum in appreciable amount up to 10 percent, silicon in excess of the proportion normally present as an ordinary impurity and not exceeding 1 percent, the balance being substantially iron.- s

- 4. An alloy containing chromium 10 percent, titanium (l'percent, aluminum 10 percent, silicon in excess of the proportion normally present as an ordinary impurity-and not exceeding 1 percent, the balance being substantially iron. v

5. An alloy containing chromium 10 per- I cent, titanium 6 percent, aluminum 10 percent, silicon in excess of the proportion normally present as an ordinary impurity and not exceeding 1 percent, the balance being substantially iron with carbon present in amount less than that which will make the alloy .so hard as to be difficult to ,.W01'l\'.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aiiix my signature.

ALVAH- W. CLEMENT. 

